Parasitic diseases or damage to the human body by parasites, pathogenic fungi and bacteria, are the second most common after respiratory infections. The main danger is that people are not always aware of the presence of such a lesion and the characteristic signs of the disease may not appear for months, while the parasites cause irreparable damage to health. For a long time, the symptoms of parasites in the body will be disguised as fatigue and minor pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract.
Wormwood is not just a disease of "dirty hands". Consumption of poorly washed fruits, raw fish (sushi) and insufficiently fried meat can cause the appearance of worms and other protozoa. Helminth eggs can be transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person through simple contact.WHO statistics are frightening - almost ¾ the entire population of the planet is infected with various parasites. The incidence rate in adults and children with pets is 99. 9%.
It is possible to get rid of helminths with the help of medicines and folk remedies, but there are difficult cases when only surgery will help eliminate the parasites.
Which human organs can be infected by parasites
There are 3 ways for worms and worms to penetrate the human body - through the mouth, mucous membranes and skin. In the context of weakening the immune system, the parasites multiply unhindered in the body. Immunity is further depleted, secondary immunodeficiency develops, the body develops a general allergy and resistance to various types of infections decreases. Acute pathologies develop into chronic ones, they follow a serious course.
The favorite habitat of parasites is all parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Of the 300 varieties of parasitic diseases, 70% are intestinal forms. Extraterrestrial types of helminthiasis affect:
- skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue?
- liver?
- muscle tissue?
- light;
- brain?
- heart tissue?
- eyeball?
- blood?
- joint capsules.
The time of onset of the first symptoms of a lesion depends on the type of parasites, their number, location, and current state of human health.
The main symptoms of parasites in the body are similar for all types of helminth infestations:
- the appetite disappears.
- salivation increases.
- diarrhea alternating with constipation.
- attacks of nausea and vomiting.
- sleep disorder.
Grinding teeth during sleep may indicate the presence of worms in a child's body.
The main signs of helminthiasis are general malaise, increased irritability, lightheadedness, weight loss and the development of iron deficiency anemia. In the occurrence of allergic reactions (in 70% of cases), they are parasitic lesions that are not taken into account and are not treated in a timely manner.
The main types of parasites and the distinctive symptoms of their presence
Currently, 70 types of parasites that can live in humans have been identified. They are divided into the following subgroups:
- round worms (worms);
- movies (movies)
- subcutaneous helminths?
- flukes (flukes);
- tissue parasites?
- protozoa protozoa.
Symptoms of different types of parasites may vary. To understand whether the human body is affected or not, we will look at many of the most typical cases.
Pinworms
Enterobius vermicularis or pinworms are worms. They feed on blood and intestinal contents. These white worms of 0. 5-1 cm cause extensive helminthiasis - enterobiasis. According to statistics, the total share of this disease of all lesions is 65%, of which 90% are children.Enterobiasis is contagious and spreads from person to person. The main route of entry of parasites into the body is the ingestion of eggs. The life cycle is 4 weeks - during this period males and females develop from eggs, which pass through the anus and lay eggs on the skin around it and in the perineum. Moving and laying causes a strong burning sensation on the skin.
Pinworms are very difficult to treat because eggs do not just reach the skin. The eggs of the parasites fall on the bed linen, shake them on the floor and infect household items and toys.
It is difficult to determine the presence of these parasites in the body, but the signs and symptoms of their presence have their own distinct characteristics:
- frequent urge to urinate, sleep
- bloating and lower abdominal pain, often on the right side.
- loss of appetite?
- diarrhea?
- general muscle weakness?
- female pin and egg clusters are visually located in the folds of the anus.
With a small number of colonies, assay-based diagnostics may be false negative. In order to detect the parasites, a triple analysis of feces and fragments is performed, which is repeated after a few days. In rare cases, your doctor may prescribe a blood test with an increased white blood cell count.
Toxic cars - symptoms and treatment of toxocarp varietiesRefers to a subgroup of nematodes that enter the body after contact with dogs, cats or soil. Toxic cars are not transmitted from person to person, but can be transmitted from mother to fetus in the womb or reach the baby with milk during breastfeeding. This type of parasitic infestation often occurs in the fall or spring.
The symptoms of toxocariasis depend on the location of the individuals.
Visceral toxemia
This type of damage is detected when parasites settle on internal organs: a person's liver, kidneys, pancreas, brain or heart. In the vast majority of cases, the arches end up in the patient's lungs. The following clinical picture is often seen:
- fever, chills, fever
- the liver is viscous, the spleen swells.
- the lymph nodes grow slightly, painful to the touch and detach from the surrounding tissues.
- dry cough with wet wheezing, especially at night.
- difficulty breathing and shortness of breath?
- very common bronchitis and bronchopneumonia.
Lack of treatment for this form of helminthiasis can be fatal. Heart parasites can lead to death.
Neurological toxicity
Pathology occurs when parasites enter the central nervous system. Symptoms of parasites in the human body:
- children become hyperactive, unable to pass neuropsychological tests and lag behind in development.
- adults complain that it is difficult for them to read and they can not explain why.
- the memory is degraded.
- all types of neurological disorders occur.
If tosocaras remain in the brain, spasms and seizures, representation and paralysis of the limbs are possible.
Dermatological toxicity
Symptoms will appear as localized urticaria, eczema or papillary outbreaks that occur as the arcuate larvae move. Patients complain of unbearable itching and the affected areas, in addition to rashes and blisters, swell and become very red. The looseness of the skin appears around the areas.
ocular toxicity
A lesion in which the parasite larvae colonize the eyeball. Their migration is visible even to the naked eye. Only one eye is affected. In most cases, there is only one parasite. However, there are other signs of parasites:
- inflammation of the choroid?
- purulent inflammation of the tissues of the vitreous.
- do children develop strabismus?
- In the exudate of the eyeball there may be formations in the form of "snowballs".
The main diagnostic technique for any form of toxocariasis is memory, immunological tests and a detailed blood test. Stool control is not done because these parasites do not live in the intestines. With adequate medication, the prognosis for recovery is favorable.
Wide ribbon
This parasite enters the human body through the consumption of raw fish or caviar. The disease is called bifurcation and is not transmitted from person to person.
A wide band may only be present in the small intestine. There are specific symptoms of its presence, which develop in the following order:
- nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting
- feverish condition?
- decreased or increased appetite.
- constipation alternates with diarrhea.
- gradual increase in the symptoms of B12 deficiency anemia.
- intestinal obstruction caused by obstruction of the intestinal tract by excessive helminth, as well as violation of superficial and deep sensitivity.
- unstable gait and crawling under the skin.
- Parasite particles may be present in the faeces.
The diagnosis of the presence of parasites is made according to the results of blood tests and coronoscopy.
Taurus movie
This film can be up to 7-10 meters long. The parasite enters the human body in the form of larvae or eggs contained in poorly cooked or raw contaminated beef. The disease is called tenarinization, adults are more susceptible to it.
Signs of parasites on the human body with tapeworm appear sequentially:
- there is a persistent feeling of constant hunger, false bulimia.
- there is a decrease in appetite, sometimes in complete absence.
- abdominal pain, which may have a different location, increases, the pelvic area on the right hurts more.
- Persistent severe flatulence and recurrent diarrhea.
- inflammation of the tongue develops. Weak people may have sleep disorders, fainting and seizures.
It is very easy to locate and control the defeat of the bovine tape, of its individual parts - the proglottids, crawling out of the anus without an act of defecation, especially often at night.
The simplest and most effective diagnostic method is the scraping and analysis of feces for the contents of the proglottid eggs. The prognosis of treatment is favorable.
Echinococcus
Human infection occurs when the parasite larvae are swallowed, most often with contaminated water. A variation is possible when the eggs are inhaled with a gust of wind and stick to the mucous membranes of the nose or throat, and when the discoloration is swallowed and enters the digestive system.
The larva of the parasite, which has entered the intestine, enters the bloodstream and with the flow of venous blood reaches the liver, where it is stable. If no stabilization occurs, echinococcosis can affect the lungs or other organs. Contrary to popular belief, these parasites do not live in human muscles.
Following the tissue of the organs, the larva begins to grow and form a cyst. In case of her death, cyst cysts appear. When a person becomes infected with a large number of larvae, many live and dead echinococcal cysts form.
The symptoms of this type of parasite do not appear for a long time, but as the bladder develops in the liver, the following symptoms appear:
- Violation of stool, frequent vomiting, pain in the solar plexus.
- nodules become noticeable in the liver.
- in case of compression of the cysts, jaundice develops, accompanied by characteristic symptoms, which are accompanied by very severe itching.
- when a purulent cyst opens, severe pain, allergic reactions, up to anaphylactic shock occur.
If the parasite has clung to the lungs, shortness of breath develops, shortness of breath, chest pain concerns, and a cough with bleeding occurs. The discovery of a cyst in the pleural area is fatal. With a major discovery in the bronchi, suffocation, blue skin and severe allergic reactions develop.
The diagnosis is clarified by serological blood test and confirmation by ultrasound. Echinococcosis can only be treated surgically! Specific antiparasitic medication is given only in case of mass infection. Drinking alcohol or taking other folk remedies for these parasites is useless.
Giardia
It is very easy to become a carrier of these parasites - human infection occurs with cysts from cats, dogs and rodents. Once found in the body, the parasites are found not only in the liver, but also in the large and small intestine. Giardiasis affects children and adults with weakened immunity and low stomach acidity.
The disease is characterized by a wavy course with progressive neurological and allergic symptoms:
- cramps on the right side, especially after eating fatty foods.
- diarrhea alternating with constipation.
- dry and bitter mouth?
- At normal levels of hemoglobin in the blood, there is a pallor of the skin, especially the nose "whitens".
- hair falls out.
- cracks and bumps appear on the lips.
- the skin on the palms and soles of the feet peels off, rashes appear on the skin.
- there are attacks of cough suffocation.
- enlarged liver, spleen and lymph nodes
- develops severe apathy and general weakness.
When you find signs of parasites, you should not self-medicate, you should contact an infectious disease specialist. Only a doctor will be able to accurately diagnose and prescribe an appropriate complex treatment.